By 2040, the expansion of renewable energies will have moved away from batteries and combustion engines, and we will only be using green hydrogen. There are only a few heating systems left that run on fossil fuels. The major oil suppliers have shrunk considerably because there is hardly any need for fossil fuels any more. Solar technology has progressed to such an extent that an entire house can be supplied with just a few solar modules. The political situation has changed dramatically, democracy no longer exists in the usual way, now the people decide on controversial issues by referendum. The European Union has agreed on a unified bureaucracy and policy, so most laws apply across Europe. We will have a European defense structure and thus be independent of other powers.